Cov ntaub ntawv solar cell

Muaj ntau ntau yam khoom siv rau hnub ci hlwb, suav nrog amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, CdTe, CuInxGa (1-x) Se2 thiab lwm yam semiconductors, lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm peb, tsib thiab rau pawg txuas ua ke. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim hluav taws xob tom qab illumination yog cov ntaub ntawv uas lub hnub ci hlwb nrhiav.
Lub tsheb hluav taws xob hnub ci them chaw nres tsheb feem ntau kuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab nqus lub teeb los ntawm kev tsim khoom sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem kom ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog sib txawv thiab tso cai rau tag nrho nqus ntawm luv luv lossis ntev wavelength, thiaj li txo cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kuj tseem muaj cov hnub ci hlwb: hom substrate lossis nyias zaj duab xis hom. Lub substrate tuaj yeem muab faib ua ib hom siv lead ua lossis txias rau hauv polycrystalline blocks tom qab dissolution. Hom zaj duab xis nyias tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lub tsev zoo dua. Yog hais tias muaj curvature los yog saj zawg zog hom los yog folded hom, cov khoom yog feem ntau amorphous silicon. Tseem muaj ib hom kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov organic los yog nano, uas tseem yog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, peb tau hnov ​​​​txog ntau tiam neeg ntawm lub hnub ci: thawj tiam ntawm substrate silicon raws li, tiam thib ob ntawm nyias zaj duab xis, tiam thib peb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob tshiab, thiab tiam thib plaub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zaj duab xis sib xyaw.
Thawj tiam ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb muaj txoj kev loj hlob ntev tshaj plaws thiab kev paub tab tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon thiab amorphous silicon. Raws li kev siv, monocrystalline silicon thiab polycrystalline silicon yog ntau.
Qhov thib ob tiam nyias zaj duab xis hnub ci hlwb yog tsim los ntawm nyias zaj duab xis txheej txheem. Cov hom tuaj yeem muab faib ua Cadmium Telluride CdTe, Copper Indium Selenide CIS, Copper Indium Gallium Selenide CIGS, Gallium Arsenide GaAs.
Qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov roj teeb tiam thib peb thiab cov roj teeb tiam dhau los yog kev qhia txog cov organic teeb meem thiab nanotechnology hauv kev tsim khoom. Muaj photochemical solar cells, dye photosensitive solar cells, polymer solar cells, thiab nanocrystalline solar cells.
Lub cim thib plaub yog los ua ntau txheej txheej rau cov yeeb yaj kiab nyias uas nqus lub teeb los ntawm lub roj teeb.
Qee lub roj teeb tsim tshuab. Tsis tsuas yog ib hom roj teeb tuaj yeem tsim tau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm polysilicon, ob hom silicon siv lead ua phaj thiab hom nyias zaj duab xis tuaj yeem tsim.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub muaj xws li polyvinylcarbazole (PVK), polyacetylene (PA), poly-phenylene vinylene (PPV) thiab polythiophene (PTh).
(1) Polyvinyl carbazole (PVK)
Ntawm cov polymers nrog kev ua haujlwm photoelectric, PVK yog qhov tshawb pom ntxov tshaj plaws thiab tau kawm tag nrho. Nws pab pawg muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob loj sib txuas, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau ultraviolet lub teeb. Cov electrons zoo siab tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm cov nqi sib tw tsim los ntawm lub nplhaib carbazole uas nyob ib sab. Lawv feem ntau doped nrog I2, SbCl3, trinitrofluorenone (TNF), thiab nitrostilbenenebenzene derivative tetracyanoquinone (TCNQ).
(2) Polyacetylene (PA)
PA yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob polymer nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws ntsuas kom deb li deb. Nws txoj kev polymerization feem ntau suav nrog Shirakawa Yingshu txoj kev, Namm txoj kev, Durham txoj kev thiab tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb catalytic system. Yingshu Shirakawa siv Ziegler-Natta catalyst nrog siab concentration, uas yog TiOBu4-A1Et3, ncaj qha npaj nws tus kheej-txheej polyacetylene zaj duab xis nrog cov xim hlau luster los ntawm roj-theem acetylene; Cov yeeb yaj kiab yog tsim los ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua siv lead ua, thiab PA zaj duab xis kuj yog qhov taw qhia zoo heev. Tus yam ntxwv ntawm Narrman txoj kev yog tias cov polymerization catalyst yog "hnub nyoog ntawm qhov kub siab", yog li cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov polymer yog qhov zoo dua.
(3) Polyphenylene vinylene (PPV)
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov ntaub ntawv PPV yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam optoelectronics thiab muaj cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws. Vim nws cov qauv conjugated, cov saw molecular yog nruj heev, feem ntau nyuaj rau yaj thiab yaj, thiab nyuaj rau txheej txheem. Txoj kev kom tau txais PPV soluble yog los qhia tsawg kawg ib txoj hlua ntev alkane rau hauv lub nplhaib benzene. Tus naj npawb ntawm alkanes yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 6. Nws tseem pom tau tias cov solubility ntawm cov alkanes ncaj nrog cov ceg hloov pauv zoo dua li cov alkanes ncaj nrog tib tus lej. Cov khoom siv sawv cev yog MEH-PPV (MEH; 2-methoxy-5 (2 '- ethylhexoxy)), uas muaj solubility zoo thiab yooj yim siv; Qhov txwv tsis pub band dav yog 2.1eV, uas yog qhov nruab nrab.
(4) Polythiophene (PT) derivatives
Ntawm tag nrho cov conjugated polymers, polythiophene yog cov khoom siv photovoltaic zoo heev. Vim tias nws qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov haum thiab qhov siab ntawm qhov txav mus los, nws tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb hotspots ntawm cov organic photovoltaic cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los. Ntawm lawv, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv hauv cheeb tsam poly (3-}hexyl) thiophene (P3HT) thiab soluble C60 derivative PCBM raws li cov txheej txheem nquag muaj lub zog hloov pauv siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev kho cua sov, thiab lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab. tau mus txog li 5 feem pua. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim thiab kev sib txuas ntawm polythiophene derivatives tshiab, kev kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm polythiophene, thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom ntawm polythiophene derivatives los ntawm kev hloov kho cov qauv tau nyiam cov neeg tshawb nrhiav. Los ntawm kev xav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv photovoltaic, cov polythiophene derivatives yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: solubility zoo thiab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab, kev nqus dav dav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj tsam pom teeb pom kev zoo) thiab cov neeg nqa khoom siab.